6 Most VSAQ’s of Biomolecules Chapter in Inter 1st Year Botany (TS/AP)

2 Marks

VSAQ-1 : Give one example for each of amino acids, sugars, nucleotides and fatty acids.

  1. Amino Acid: Glycine is an example of an amino acid.
  2. Sugar: Glucose represents a common sugar.
  3. Nucleotide: Instead of “Adenylic acid,” let’s use Adenosine as an example of a nucleotide.
  4. Fatty Acid: An example of a saturated fatty acid is Palmitic acid.

VSAQ-2 : Explain the Zwitterionic form of an amino acid.

The zwitterionic form of an amino acid is characterized by its dipolar nature, resulting from the presence of both acidic and basic functional groups within the molecule.

  1. Amino Group (Basic): The amino acid contains an amino group (-NH2) that acts as a basic functional group. This amino group has the capacity to accept a proton (H+), which means it can act as a base.
  2. Carboxyl Group (Acidic): In addition, the amino acid possesses a carboxyl group (-COOH) that serves as an acidic functional group. This carboxyl group is capable of donating a proton (H+), making it act as an acid.

VSAQ-3 : What constituents of DNA are linked by glylosidic bond?

In DNA, the glycosidic bond is formed between the nitrogenous base (which can be adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine) and the sugar (specifically, deoxyribose). This glycosidic bond connects the nitrogenous base to the 1′ carbon of the deoxyribose sugar. This linkage is a fundamental component in the formation of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of the DNA molecule.

VSAQ-4 : Glycine and Alanine are different with respect to one substituent on the α-carbon. What are the other common substituent groups?

In both Glycine and Alanine, the α-carbon is attached to the following common substituent groups:

  1. Hydrogen (H): The α-carbon in both amino acids is bonded to a hydrogen atom.
  2. Carboxyl Group (COOH): Both Glycine and Alanine have a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the α-carbon. This group makes them amino acids by providing the acidic functionality.
  3. Amino Group (NH2): Additionally, both amino acids feature an amino group (-NH2) bonded to the α-carbon. This amino group is responsible for the basic properties of amino acids.

VSAQ-5 : Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen, Chitin are polysaccharides found among the following. Choose the one appropriate and write against each.

  1. Cotton fibre ______
  2. Exo skeleton of cockroach ______
  3. Liver ____
  4. Peeled potato ____

Here are the appropriate polysaccharides for the given substances:

  1. Cotton Fiber: Cellulose (Cotton fiber is primarily composed of cellulose, a polysaccharide made up of glucose units linked together.)
  2. Exoskeleton of Cockroach: Chitin (The exoskeleton of cockroaches and other arthropods is primarily composed of chitin, a structural polysaccharide.)
  3. Liver: Glycogen (The liver stores excess glucose as glycogen, which is a polysaccharide made up of glucose units.)
  4. Peeled Potato: Starch (Potatoes store energy in the form of starch, which is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units.)

VSAQ-6 : Select an appropriate chemical bond among ester bond, glycosidic bond, peptide bond and hydrogen bond and write against each of the following.

1.Polysaccharide _____ 2. Protein ____ 3. Fat ___ 4. Water ___

Here are the appropriate chemical bonds for the given substances:

  1. Polysaccharide: Glycosidic bond (Polysaccharides, such as starch and cellulose, are composed of multiple sugar molecules linked together by glycosidic bonds.)
  2. Protein: Peptide bond (Proteins are made up of amino acid monomers linked together by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains.)
  3. Fat: Ester bond (Fats, also known as triglycerides, consist of glycerol and fatty acids linked by ester bonds.)
  4. Water: Hydrogen bond (Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules due to the polarity of the water molecule, leading to the unique properties of water.)