7 Most VSAQ’s of Biotechnology and its Applications Chapter in Inter 2nd Year Botany (TS/AP)
2 Marks
VSAQ-1 : Give different types of cry genes and pests which are controlled by the proteins encoded by these genes.
- Cry I Ac and Cry II Ab genes: These genes produce proteins that control cotton bollworms.
- Cry I Ab gene: This gene produces a protein that controls corn borers.
VSAQ-2 : Can a disease be detected before its symptoms appear? Explain the principle involved.
Diseases can be detected before symptoms appear using techniques like PCR and ELISA. PCR amplifies specific DNA or RNA sequences even in trace amounts, while ELISA relies on antigen-antibody interaction to detect disease markers at low concentrations. Early disease diagnosis is enabled, facilitating timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.
VSAQ-3 : What is GEAC and what are its objectives?
GEAC, which stands for Genetic Engineering Approval Committee, plays a pivotal role in evaluating and making decisions concerning the safety, validity, and environmental impact of genetically modified (GM) research and the introduction of GM organisms for public use. Its primary objectives include assessing and approving proposals related to the release of GM crops while ensuring strict adherence to regulatory guidelines and environmental safety measures.
VSAQ-4 : Name the nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants. Name the strategy adopted to prevent this infestation.
The nematode that infects the roots of tobacco plants is Meloidogyne incognita. To prevent this infestation, the strategy adopted is RNA interference (RNAi), which involves silencing specific genes in the nematode to inhibit its ability to infect and damage the tobacco plant’s roots. This approach serves as an effective method for controlling nematode infestations and safeguarding the health of tobacco crops.
VSAQ-5 : For which variety of indian rice, has a patent been filed by a USA company.
Yes, a patent was filed by a USA company for Basmati rice. The patent application, submitted by a US-based company in the late 1990s, sparked controversy as it included claims related to specific Basmati rice varieties, which have a traditional history of cultivation in India and neighboring regions. This patent filing raised concerns regarding the potential control and commercialization of traditional rice varieties and genetic resources. However, following protests and legal actions, the patent claims were eventually restricted, and the patent was not granted in its original scope.
VSAQ-6 : Give one example for each of transgenic plants which are suitable for food processing and those with improved nutritional quality.
- Transgenic plant suitable for food processing: “Flavr Savr” variety of tomato. Genetically modified tomato, longer shelf life, improved flavor, food processing, transportation.
- Transgenic plant with improved nutritional quality: “Golden Rice.” Genetically modified rice, beta-carotene, vitamin A deficiency, staple food, nutritional quality.
VSAQ-7 : What is green revolution? Who is regarded as father of green revolution?
The Green Revolution denotes a substantial increase in agricultural output accomplished by adopting high-yielding crop varieties, modern farming methods, and improved management practices. Norman Borlaug, an American agronomist, is acknowledged as the Father of the Green Revolution for his groundbreaking efforts in developing disease-resistant and high-yielding wheat varieties, contributing significantly to addressing global food shortages and enhancing food security.