Democracy (VSAQs)
Political Science-1 | 8. Democracy – VSAQs:
Welcome to VSAQs in Chapter 8: Democracy. This page features the most important FAQs for Very Short Answer Questions. Each answer is given in simple English and follows the exam format. This helps you focus on key points and aim for top marks in your final exams.
VSAQ-1: Define Democracy. (OR) What is meant by Democracy?
Democracy is a system of government where the power lies with the people. It means that the people themselves, either directly or through elected representatives, make decisions about how they are governed. This idea is beautifully captured in Abraham Lincoln’s famous words: “government of the people, by the people, for the people.” In simpler terms, it means that in a democracy, the government is chosen by the people, works for the people, and serves their interests.
According to MacIver, democracy is not just about who governs but also about how the government is organized. It’s a method that allows people to actively participate in decision-making processes and choose their leaders through elections. For example, in a democratic country like India, citizens vote to elect their representatives who then make laws and policies on their behalf.
VSAQ-2: What is Indirect Democracy? (OR) What is Representative Democracy?
Indirect democracy, also known as representative democracy, is a system where people elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on their behalf. Instead of each citizen voting on every single law, they choose leaders who represent their views and interests. These representatives are chosen through free and fair elections and are responsible for making decisions that reflect the will of the people.
For instance, in the United States, citizens elect members of Congress to create and pass laws. These elected officials are supposed to listen to their constituents and make decisions that benefit them. This system allows for a more manageable and organized way of running a large country.
VSAQ-3: What do you know about Direct Democracy? (OR) What is Direct Democracy?
Direct democracy is a system where citizens directly participate in the decision-making process without relying on elected representatives. In this form of government, people vote on laws and policies themselves, giving them a more hands-on role in governance.
A classic example of direct democracy can be found in some Swiss cantons, where citizens gather to vote directly on issues like taxes, public projects, or laws. In modern times, direct democracy can also take the form of referendums where the entire population votes on a specific issue. This approach is particularly effective in smaller communities where everyone’s voice can be easily heard.
VSAQ-4: What is Recall? (OR) What is meant by Recall?
Recall is a democratic tool that allows voters to remove an elected official from office before their term ends. If a significant number of voters believe that their representative is not doing a good job or acting against the public’s interests, they can initiate a recall election. If the majority of voters support the recall, the official is removed from their position, and a new election is held to choose a replacement.
For example, if a mayor is not fulfilling their promises or acting unethically, the citizens of the town might start a recall process to remove the mayor from office and elect someone else. This process ensures that elected officials remain accountable to the people who elected them.
VSAQ-5: What is Public Opinion?
Public opinion is the collective views and beliefs of the people on various issues, whether political, social, or cultural. It reflects what most people think about things like government policies, political leaders, social issues, and other important topics. Public opinion is shaped by many factors, including the media, education, and daily interactions with others.
For instance, public opinion might influence a government to change its stance on environmental policies if the majority of people express concern about climate change. In democracies, public opinion plays a crucial role because leaders and policymakers often take it into account when making decisions, ensuring that their actions align with what the majority of citizens want.
VSAQ-6: What is a Referendum?
A referendum is a democratic process where the people vote directly on a specific issue or proposed law. Instead of having elected representatives decide, a referendum gives every eligible voter the chance to express their opinion on important matters. This could include decisions about changing the constitution, passing significant new laws, or making major policy changes.
For example, if a country is considering whether to join an international agreement, it might hold a referendum to see if the majority of citizens support the decision. This process allows the government to gauge public sentiment and ensure that any major decisions have the backing of the people.